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Opening chapter · working manuscript

Before the First Answer

An introduction to the method and the smallest defensible starting point of the book.

The New Metaphysics book cover
The New MetaphysicsMiroslav Mühlböck

Before we call reality matter, mind, information, God or illusion, something is already happening: it is experienced. Colour appears. A tone sounds. A thought arrives. The body hurts. A memory returns. Even doubt is present as something experienced.

This is not an answer to the question of what reality ultimately is. It is a more modest and more secure beginning. I can doubt the origin of the world, the reliability of the senses and the nature of my own self. Yet I cannot doubt that something is appearing in experience without that doubt itself becoming another experienced content.

Descartes captured this movement in the sentence Cogito, ergo sum — I think, therefore I am. The New Metaphysics moves the starting point one level deeper: Experior, ergo sum — I experience, therefore I am. Thought is one content of experience. Experience need not become thought in order to be present.

This certainty does not imply that only experience exists. It does not mean that a human observer creates the world, that consciousness builds the universe by collapsing wave functions, or that matter is merely an idea. Such conclusions would require far more than the starting point gives us.

On the contrary, I experience a world that resists me. It displays regularity that I do not choose. Events occur without my consent, and other perspectives bring experiences I do not control. We call this structured world of relations W. It is reasonable to infer that W exists independently of my individual gaze. That is a strong inference — but it is not identical with the immediate certainty of experience.

I, too, am one structure within W: a living body and brain, the configuration B. This living organisation establishes a situated perspective P within which experience E occurs and qualitative differences Q are distinguished. We do not yet know whether B produces experience, organises it, conditions it, or opens a relation for which we have no adequate concept. We do know that changes in B alter E and Q with such regularity that the connection cannot be ignored.

The working notation is therefore not a magical equation but a map of dependence: Bₙ → Pₙ[Eₙ,Qₙ | Wₙ]. It says only that a living configuration is related to a situated perspective, experience and qualitative discrimination of the world. It does not say that we have explained why experienced quality exists at all, why pain hurts, or why red looks precisely as it does.

We leave the symbol S at the limit of what can be responsibly described in the categories of W. S is not another name for God, soul, hidden energy or deeper substance. It marks only the open question of whether W exhausts reality. Separately, we may state the working hypothesis HΩ: W, E and Q may be different modes of one as-yet indescribable reality Ω. That possibility is not knowledge and must not be presented as an explanation.

The method of this book follows from here. With every claim we ask: what is given, what is inferred, what is hypothetical, and what remains unknown? Science is indispensable where it investigates relations and regularities in W. Philosophy is necessary where it reveals the assumptions inside our concepts. Mystery begins where we refuse to mistake desire for evidence or a model for the whole of reality.

The New Metaphysics therefore offers no new certainty with which to replace the old ones. It offers a firmer way to think and live with uncertainty. Something is present. Something is happening. It is experienced. From that smallest point we can begin to build — while remaining aware of the difference between the ground on which we stand and the maps we draw above it.

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End of sample. The manuscript is in preparation.

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